Mold for forming monolithic concrete cylindrical building



April 1969 R. J. NEVAREZ OCAMPO 3,

MOLD FOR FORMING MONOLITHIC CONCRETE CYLINDRICAL BUILDING Filed Nov. 2,1967 Sheet Fig.

Ricardo J. Nemrez (000mm) J4 INVENTOR.

April 1969 R. J. NEVAREZ OCAMPO MOLD FOR FORMING MONOLITHIC CONCRETECYLINDRICAL BUILDING Filed Nov. 2, 1967 Sheet 2 of e Fig. 7

Ricardo J. Nevarez (Ocampo) IN VE N T0 R April 1969 R. J. NEVAREZ OCAMPO3,436,052

MOLD FOR FORMING MONOLITHIC CONCRETE GYLINDRICAL BUILDING Filed Nov. 2,1967 Sheet 4 of 6 Fig. /3 M3 /34 Ricardo J. NevrezfOcampo) ZNVENTOR.

April 1, 1969 R. J. NEVAREZ OCAMF-O MOLD FOR FORMING MONOLITHIC CONCRETECYLINDRICAL BUILDING Filed NOV. 2, 1967 Fig. 9

Sheet 6' of 6 Ricarda J Wevarez (Ocampo) I IN VLN TOR.

April 1, 1969 R. J. NEVAREZ OCAMPO 3,436,@52

MOLD FOR FORMING MONOLITHIC CONCRETE CYLINDRICAL BUILDING Filed Nov. 2,1&6? Sheet 6 of 6 Fig. /0

United States Patent 3,436,052 MOLD FOR FORMING MONOLITHIC CONCRETECYLINDRICAL BUILDING Ricardo J. Nevarez Ocampo, Mexico City, Mexico, as:

signor to Technical Investment Corporation, Miami,

Fla., a corporation of Florida Filed Nov. 2, 1967, Ser. No. 680,103 Int.Cl. E04g 11/02 U.S. Cl. 249-27 6 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Abuilding construction of monolithic reinforced concrete having a singlepedestal-type support resting upon the ground surface. A novel formarrangement is employed for enabling the complete building to be formedin a single operation by employing a form, which will completely formall components of the building and be subsequently removed for reuse.The building is capable of being constructed entirely by ratherunskilled laborers by virtue of the specific construction of the formand the simplicity of use of the form in constructing a building.

The present invention generally relates to a building structure ofmonolithic construction having a con tinuous peripheral wall, roof,floor, partition walls and supporting pedestal which forms the solesupport for the building and rests directly upon the ground surfacewhich eliminates the necessity of providing foundations, footings or thelike thereby materially reducing the cost of the building structure. Thebuilding is preferably circular in plan configuration with the pedestalalso being circular but of considerably less diameter than theperipheral wall. Reinforcement rods are positioned in a particularmanner to effectively reinforce the building with the areas ofconcentrated stress having a greater reinforcement than other areas ofthe building. In addition, all of the forces exerted by the buildingcomponents are transmitted inwardly to the pedestal so that all supportfor the building originates from confines of the pedestal.

In addition to the foregoing, the present invention also includes a formwhich shapes and conforms the fluent cementitious material into thedesired final configuration so that after the form has been set up, theentire building is formed in a single operation in which the fluentcementitious material is introduced into the form in order to completethe entire building in a single operation after which the cement ispermitted to harden in the usual manner. The forms are so constructedthat the components thereof forming interior wall surfaces are capableof being released from the concrete forming the building. This functionis accomplished by providing spaces between adjacent sections ofportions of the forms defining an inner surface of a wall so that theform sections may be removed by radial inward movement in relation tothe building.

It is the primary object of the present invention to provide amonolithic building construction primarily inice tended for use asliving quarters with the total cost of materials and labor maintained ata very low cost to enable relatively low cost housing to be provided forhousing persons having low incomes.

It is another object of the present invention to provide low costhousing which is extremely simple in construction and capable of beingconstructed by relatively unskilled labor which is usually available inareas in which low cost housing would be desired.

These together with other objects and advantages which will becomesubsequently apparent reside in the details of construction andoperation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, whereinlike numerals refer to like parts throughout, and in which:

FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of a monolithic building in the formof a house constructed in accordance with the p-rment invention;

FIGURE 2 is a plan sectional view taken substantially upon a planepassing along section line 22 of FIG- URE 1 illustrating one floor planemploying the essential features of the present invention therein;

FIGURE 3 is a vertical sectional view, on 'an enlarged scale, takensubstantially upon a plane passing along section line 3-3 of FIGURE 2illustrating specific structural details of the building including theconstruction of the floor, pedestal, peripheral Wall, overhang and roofstructure;

FIGUIRE 4 is a fragmental sectional view illustrating a modified type ofpedestal which may be employed;

FIGURE 5 is a detailed sectional view taken substantially upon a planepassing along section line 55 of FIG- URE 1 illustrating a water storagetank incorporated into the building structure;

FIGURE 6 is a plan view of a segment of the reinforcement employed inthe floor;

FIGURE 7 is a fragmental plan view illustrating a portion of thereinforcement employed in the roof;

FIGURE 8 is a perspective view of a portion of the mold illustrating thesupporting structure and portions of the components forming the floorand pedestal;

FIGURE 9 is a perspective view of the substantially complete mold with aportion of the outer wall thereof omitted;

FIGURE 10 is a detailed sectional view illustrating a portion of thecompleted mold;

FIGURE 11 is a fragmental perspective view illustrating furtherstructural details of portions of the mold forming an interior wall;

FIGURE 12 is a detailed sectional view of a portion of the periphery ofthe mold;

FIGURE 13 is a detailed sectional view illustrating the structure of theleveling element for supporting portions of the mold; and

FIGURE 14 is a detailed sectional view illustrating the manner ofinterconnecting the inner ends of partition wall forming members.

Referring now specifically to the drawings, the building structure ofthe present invention is specifically illustrated in FIGS. 1-7 and isdesignated generally by reference numeral 20 and includes a peripheralwall 22, a shallow dome-shaped roof 24, a floor 26 and a centralpedestal 28 forming the sole support for the building structure. Theentire construction of the wall 22, roof 24, floor 26 and pedestalsupport 28 is monolithic or onepiece unitary structure of reinforcedconcrete in which all of the components are formed simultaneously by asingle pouring of concrete. As illustrated, the building structure is ofcylindrical configuration and is illustrated as a single unit. However,other curved configurations such as elliptical may be employed and fallwithin the purview of this invention. Also, multiple units may be formedand interconnected by any suitable connecting passageways as deemedappropriate for the particular requirements and individual installation.While dimensions may vary, it has been found that the wall 22 mayconveniently have the diameter of approximately 24 feet while thepedestal 28 may be approximately 9 feet with the height being adequateto provide headroom for occupants of the building. The buildingstructure is especially useful as dwelling houses and may be constructedat a very low cost and very little maintenance and upkeep is requiredthereby facilitating the use of the building structure as low costhousing in areas having relatively low income per capita.

The wall 22 is provided with a relatively smooth and continuous outersurface 30 and a similar inner surface 32 concentric therewith. At theupper end of the wall 22, there is provided a peripheral outwardlyextending ledge 34 which forms an overhang or eave around the peripheryof the building. The undersurface of the overhang 34 is provided with anotch 36 or the like to provide a drip lip to preclude water fromrunning back along the lower surface of the overhang 34 and thus downthe outer surface of the Wall 22. The roof 24 is shallow domeshaped inconfiguration with the outer surface 36 being contiguous with the uppersurface of the overhang 34 and the inner surface 38 being concave andjoined with the inner surface 32 of the wall 22. At the center of theroof, there is provided an upwardly extending cylindrical projection 40on which is mounted a dome-shaped skylight 42 preferably of transparentor translucent material to enable outside light to enter the centralportion of the building. The dome-shaped skylight 42 may be constructedof glass, plastic or the like and provided with any suitable degree oftransparency, coloring or the like. In addition, if desired, an openableventilator structure may be provided in the skylight to provide fornatural convection ventilation, or, if desired, a forced type ofventilator may be provided such as a fan or the like to remove air fromthe apex of the roof 24. The skylight 42 may be secured to the roof 24in any suitable manner and may be removable to enable easy access to theroof structure. Any suitable water-proofing may be provided for theupper surface of the roof 36 such as conventional roofing materials suchas tiles, shingles, or a covering of bituminous material or the like.

The floor 26 has a substantially fiat and continuous upper surface 44while the lower surface 46 thereof is inclined downwardly and inwardlyso that the thickness of the floor increases from the outer peripherythereof toward the center with the thickest portion of the floor 26being at the inner periphery thereof where the pedestal support 28 isformed. The pedestal support 28 is also cylindrical and provided with acontinuous cylindrical outer surface 48 and a hollow interior 50 whichis left hollow to reduce the quantity of material employed or to providea storage space which requires that an access opening be provided in thefloor together with a suitable closure to enable the closure to beremoved and access being to the interior 50 of the pedestal support 28.This enables storage of various items such as those used infrequentlyand may also be used to store items of considerable value. A hollowliner 52 is provided for the hollow interior 50 to enable formation ofthe pedestal support which may be a relatively inexpensive item inasmuchas it would not be recoverable unless the fl o surface 44 is providedwith an opening enclosure therefor in which event the liner 52 will berecoverable. The bottom surface 54 of the pedestal support 28 isrelatively flat and is supported directly on the ground surface 56thereby eliminating the necessity of providing underground foundations,footings and the like. This also enables a minimum of site preparationinasmuch as it is only necessary to level a portion of the groundsurface 56 sufiicient to receive the bottom surface 54 of the pedestalsupport 28. Even if the ground surface 56 is not exactly level, when thebuilding section 20 is formed, all components thereof will be levelledand the pedestal support 28 forms the sole contact and engagement withthe ground surface unless it is desired to build-up a walkway to thefloor level to enable access to a door 58 provided in the wall 22 whichmay be of conventional construction. A single door 58 may be providedor, if desired, diametrically opposed doors or a multiplicity of doorsmay be provided depending upon the requirement of each individualinstallation. In the event, a multiple of building structures are to bedisposed in communicating relation, then a second door would be normallyprovided so that the two building structures could be interconnected bya walkway, passageway or the like.

Formed integrally and unitarily with the roof 24 above the door 58 is awater storage tank defined by an upwardly extending wall 59 whichdefines the periphery of the hollow interior 60 of the tank. A closurecap 62 having depending flanges 64 is telescoped over the upper end ofthe hollow tank defined by the peripheral wall 59. This tank is providedfor water storage so that during periods of low pressure in the normalwater supply system, water will be available from the storage tank 60.In some areas, the water storage tank will not be necessary andrepresents an optional construction. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the tankis disposed above the door 58 inasmuch as it interrupts the roof lineand actually enhances the appearance characteristics of the building.While the wall 59 of the water storage tank is not necessarilyreinforced especially if the building is to be used in areas havingrelatively high average temperatures in which event the water would notbe subject to freezing. If the building is constructed in areas havingfreezing temperatures, the wall 59 should be reinforced or, in someinstances, it may be necessary to form the tank on the interior of theroof, rather than the exterior thereof. The interior surface of the tankis also water-proofed by any suitable means to enable proper storage ofwater.

A plurality of window units '66 are provided in which the frames 68 arereceived in outwardly projecting flange members 72 which are integralwith the wall 22. The flange or ledge 72 is disposed peripherally of thesash or frame 68 with the window units being of any suitableconstruction and which the frames are preferably constructed of metal,such as aluminum or the like with the windows having movable panels,pivotal panels or the like together with adequate screening to enableair circulation through the building in a conventional manner. Also,interior partition walls 74 are formed unitarily with the floor 26,peripheral wall 22 and roof 24 and such partition walls may be arrangedin various manners to provide room areas of different size and locationas desired. As illustrated in FIG. 2, all of the partition walls extendinwardly with certain of the walls 74 terminating in diverging portionsto form peripherally located rooms having entrance-ways which may beprovided with doors as desired. Termination of the partition wallsprovides an open central space which may be employed as a living area,combined living area and dining area or the like. As illustrated in FIG.2, the partition walls define eight enclosed areas. However, by omittingcertain of the partition walls, the size of the enclosures may beincreased and, of course, the number of enclosed areas will bedecreased. The enclosed areas will normally include a bathroom, akitchen, bedrooms, and if desired, closet space or storage areas. Thepartition walls are also preferably reinforced and are not load bearingwalls with the surfaces thereof being painted or otherwise decorated inaccordance with the desires of the person or persons occupying thebuilding structure.

FIGURE 4 illustrates a modified form of the pedestal support designatedgenerally by reference numeral 28 in which the lower end of the pedestalsupport is provided with an outwardly extending peripheral base 76 whichhas a substantially flat lower surface 78 contiguous with the fiatbottom surface 54- of the pedestal support 28'. The upper surface of thebase 76 is inclined downwardly and outwardly at 80 so that the thickestportion of the base is adjacent the peripheral wall 48' of the pedestalsupport 28'. The base 76 is provided with a peripheral wall 82concentric with respect to the peripheral wall 48' but inwardly of theperipheral wall 22 of the building structure and the base 76' is alsoreinforced with the greatest area of reinforcement being at the innerend of the base 76 where it is continuous with the pedestal support 28'.

FIGURE 6 is a plan schematic view illustrating the reinforcement layerin the floor which includes a plurality of concentric, radially spacedreinforcing rods 84 which progressively increase in radial spacing fromthe interior portion of the floor to the exterior thereof. Disposedabove the peripheral or circumferential reinforcing rods 84 is aplurality of radial reinforcing rods 86 which are continuous radially ofthe fioor 26, upwardly through the wall 22 and then inwardly of the roof24. The rods 86 are designated as 88 in the wall 22 and 90 in the roof24. The peripheral or circumferential reinforcing rods also continue upthe wall 82 as designated by numeral 92 and in the roof 24 as designatedby the numeral 94. As illustrated in FIGURE 3, the floor 26 is providedwith additional reinforcing rods 96 extending completely across thefloor including the area over the hollow interior 50 unless there isprovided an access opening enclosure therefor in which event thereinforcing rods 96, of course, would not be continuous. In addition tothe continuous reinforcing rods 86 which extend radially, there isprovided a plurality of radial rods 98 which terminate inwardly of theouter periphery of the floor 26 and are secured to the rods 84 asillustrated in FIGURE 6. The inner end of the rods 86 and 98 areconnected with depending circumferentially spaced reinforcing rods 100in the pedestal support 48. Additional partial radial reinforcing rods102 extend from the rods 100 along the lower surface 46 of the floor 26or a portion of the radial dimension thereof. In addition, peripheralreinforcing rods 102 are provided in this area of the floor and areconnected with the radially reinforcing rods 102.

In the roof, in addition to the radial rods 90 there are providedadditional partial radial reinforcing rods 106 and 108 which extendinwardly from the periphery of the wall partially inwardly toward theflange 40' with the rods 106 being longer than the rods 108. Theoverhang or lip 34 is provided with a plurality of peripheralreinforcing rods 110 combined with encircling reinforcing rods 112around the peripheral rods 110 as illustrated in FIG. 3 to eifectivelyreinforce this area of the building structure.

-In FIG. 4, the base 76 is provided with radial reinforcing rods 114which extend from a point adjacent the periphery thereof inwardly intothe bottom portion 54 of the pedestal support 28'. Additional radialreinforcing rods 116 of a shorter length are disposed above thereinforcing rods .114 and additional reinforcing rods 118 are providedabove the rods 116 and the rods 118 are continuous as at 120 up throughthe pedestal support 28' and thence outwardly of the floor 26 as thereinforcing rods 86. Peripheral reinforcing rods 122 are connected tothe rods 116 and rods 118 and also peripheral reinforcing rods may beprovided in engagement with the rods 114.

The distribution of the reinforcing rods has been calcuated inaccordance with known techniques to provide adequate reinforcement andstrength for the concrete. Any adequate type of reinforcing rods may beemployed and they may be interconnected in any suitable manner. Whereappropriate, reinforcing rod mats may be employed and supported inproper orientation by any conventional supporting saddle structures orother supports provided as required to orient the reinforcing rods inproper relation when the concrete is being poured into the form employedin constructing the building structure. The concrete may include anysuitable mix of cement and aggregate having a suitable insulation factorand strength characteristics so that after the building structure hasbeen formed, it is a single monolithic unit. The surfaces of thebuilding structure may be painted, waterproofed or decorated in anysuitable manner and various addition may be provided for the buildingstructure such as awnings, porches, walkways and the like all of whichenhance the appearance characteristics thereof. In addition, allutilities such as any electric conductors, outlets, water pipes, gaslines and the like are incorporated into the monolithic structureinasmuch as such utilitie are placed in the form when the concrete isbeing poured whereby they will be embedded in the concrete so that whenthe form is removed, the building is complete and substantially readyfor occupancy except for interior deco rating and furnishing andattachment of electrical fixtures, appliances and the like andinstallation of plumbing fixtures and kitchen fixtures. In themonolithic construction and the pedestal support provide a structure inwhich the floor is elevated above ground which provides a storage areafor various items used outside of the house such as toys, lawn mowersand the like. The concrete is poured in a single pour and may be amanual operation or adequate cement pumps may be employed. Conventionalvibration equipment is provided for assuring that the concrete materialwill not have any large void areas therein. The cylindrical constructionor possibly elliptical construction reduces the cost by eliminatingcorners and also reduces stress concentration points by eliminatingsharp corners. The center of gravity of the building structure issubstantially coincident with the geometrical center thereof and thepedestal support 28 has both the center of gravity and geometricalcenter oriented therein with the center of gravity always being orientedwithin the confines of the pedestal support even though one area of thehouse made of a larger load, such as furniture or the like, supportedtherein then another area.

FIGURES 8-14 illustrate the structural details of the mold employed informing the building structure 20 illustrated in FIGS. l-7. FIGURE 9illustrates a substantially complete mold with a portion of the outerWall removed to illustrate the structure thereof.

The floor 26 of the building structure is defined by a plurality ofradially extending sections which defines one-eighth of thecircumference of the floor and includes two separate radial pieces 132and 134 which are inclined upwardly and outwardly and which have theside edges thereof diverging outwardly as illustrated in FIGURE 8. Thesections 130 define a complete frusto-conical surface which forms theouter surface 46 of the floor 26-. The inner edge of each piece 132 and134 of the sections 130 are engaged with cylindrical form members 136which defines the outer surface 48 of the pedestal support 28 and whichrests upon the ground surface 56 so that the bottom surface 54 of thepedestal support 28 is actually formed directly on the ground surface56. The cylindrical wall section 136 is divided into a plurality ofseparate segments joined together along juncture lines 138 and providedwith reinforcing flanges 140 at the bottom and top thereof.

Supporting the edges of the sections 130 are support assemblies 142 andsupporting the adjacent edges of the pieces 132 and 134 or supportassemblies 144 which serves to support the sections 132 with the outerperipheral edge thereof completely level and the inner peripheral edgethereof completely level and aligned with the top flange of areinforcement flange 140 on the cylindrical wall form 136.

The support assemblies 142 and 144 must necessarily be removable toenable collapse of the floor sections 130. The support assemblies 132each include a lower wedgeshaped member 146 and an upper wedge-shapedmember 148. The lower wedge-shaped member 146 includes a lower radiallyextending member 150 engaging the ground surface and an inclined uppermember 152 connected with the member 150 by vertical spaces 154 whichincrease in length inwardly of the member 150 in that the outer end ofthe member 152 is connected with the outer end of the member 150 and theinner end of member 152 is spaced from the member 150 by a verticalmember 154 thus defining an outwardly and downwardly inclined lowerwedge support 146.

The upper wedge-shaped member 148 includes an upper member 156 and aninclined lower member 158 interconnected by vertical spaces 160. Theinner end of the member 156 is joined with the inner end of the member158 and the center and outer ends of the members are spaced apart byspacers 160 of increasing length. Thus, the upper wedge 148 includes aninclined member 158 engaged with the inclined member 162 with the uppersurface of the wedge member 148 conforming with the inclination of thepanels or pieces 132 and 134 which form each of the sections 130. Anysuitable connection may be provided between the supports 142 and thesections 130 to enable assembly thereof and also to enable disassemblyof the supports 142 by merely striking the upper wedge member 148 suchas by striking the inner surface of the spacer 160 with a suitable largehammer to drive the upper wedge member 148 outwardly thus enablingdisassembly of the floor support.

The intermediate supports 144 which support the juncture line betweenthe sheet panels 132 and 134 forming the sections 130 include atruss-like frame 162 having an upper member 164 substantially flush withthe upper surface of the panels 132 and 134 with the panels beingsecured thereto in any suitable manner. Depending from the truss orframe 162 is a supporting leg 166 hingedly attached to the frame 162 bya hinge structure 168. A pivotal foot 170 is provided on the lower endof the supporting leg 166 so that the supporting leg 156 may be pivoted,preferably inwardly about the hinge point 168, by striking the outersurface of the leg 156 with an impact tool such as a large hammer or thelike thus enabling the intermediate supports 144 to also be removed. Theinner ends of the supports 142 and 144 are received in the reinforcingflanges 140 on the wall form 136 as illustrated in FIGURE 10.

The floor assembly is quite significant in forming the mold in that theinclination thereof must be accurate throughout the periphery thereofinasmuch as the outer periphery of the sections 130 must be level and inalignment with each other and the inner periphery thereof as well as theupper edge of the wall forms 136 must also be level and in alignmentwith each other to define the bottom surface 46 of the floor 2'6 and theouter surface 48 of the pedestal support 28. The floor assembly asillustrated in FIGURE 8 is installed first when setting up the forms andafter it has been completed, the inner wall forming structure iscompleted after which the outer wall forms are completed.

As illustrated in FIGURE 9, the structure which defines the innersurface 32 of the peripheral wall 22 includes a plurality of sections inthe form of arcuate panels 172 some of which have window formingprojections 174 thereon, some of which have door openings formed thereinand partition wall forming structures incorporated therein in a mannerdescribed hereinafter. Each peripheral wall section 170 has a lowerportion thereof defining a lower perpihery separated therefrom anddesignated by numeral 176. The bottom edge of the section 176 isprovided with a peripheral reinforcing flange 178 thereon which isattached to the inner surface of the form and a correspondingreinforcement 180 is provided at the upper edge thereof. As illustratedin FIGURE 10, the bottom edge of the lower section 176 and thereinforcing flange 178 thereon is spaced from the top surface of thefloor forming sections a distance equal to the thickness of the floor 26where it joins with the wall 22. Disposed through the flanges 178 and isan adjustable supporting rod 182 which is threaded through a nut 184 onthe flange 180 and is provided with a polygonal upper end 186 on theupper end of the rod 182 to enable rotation thereof. The lower ends ofthe rods 182 are supported on the floor assembly in a manner thatadjustment of the rods 82 is accomplished by rotation thereof therebylevelling the flange 178 into a parallel relation to the floor sectionsand into level conditions so that the periphery of the upper surface ofthe floor will be level.

Extending from the area between adjacent arcuate sections 172 is aplurality of partitions 188 which are also provided with a lower section190 and separable sections with the periphery of each of the partitionshaving a reinforcing flange 192 thereon for matching engagement with thereinforcing flange 194 on the lower section 190. The flanges such asflanges 192 and 194 are secured together by fastener bolts 196 with aspacer 198 being provided between the flanges 192 and 194 so that theywill be spaced apart sufficiently to enable removal of the inner wallforming sections of the form after the concrete has hardened. Forremoving the spacers, the inner edge thereof is provided with a U-shapedhandle 200 so that after the bolt 196 has been removed when the concretehas hardened, the spacers may be removed by exerting pressure or forceon the handle 200 which then enables the flanges 192 and 194 to moveinwardly in a radial manner so that the sections of a form may beremoved from the concrete. This spacing, while relatively narrow,provides adequate movement between the sections of the forms to enableremoval thereof by collapsing inwardly which would be precluded in theevent the flanges 192 and 194 were in abutting engagement with eachother. Any small portion of concrete which runs between the flanges 192and 194 will be easily broken off during normal removal of the formsections. This, the sections between the abutting and adjacent flangesof each of the form sections enables the form sections to be removed forcollapsible removal of the inner form. As illustrated in FIGURE 11, thelower section 190 of the partition walls also have a flange 202 thereonthrough which the levelling rod 182 extends with the lower flange 200forming a guide for smoothing the upper surface of the floor 26. Theflange 202 will be levelled in a horizontal position as illustrated inFIGURE 10 so that the upper surface 44 of the floor 26 will be flat andhorizontal by smoothing the concrete to the level of the flange 202 byusing a conventional trowel or other suitable means. The upper surfaceof the floor 44 is completely exposed except for the partition panels188. The space outwardly of the arcuate sections 172 is continuous withthe space between adjacent partition panels 188 so that the partitionwalls are integral with and monolithic with the outside wall, floor androof.

The inner edges of the partition defining form sections 188 and thelower portions 190 thereof are closed by a closure plate 204 whichextends vertically and is secured in place by fastening bolts 206 whichextend through the vertical reinforcing flanges 208 comparable to theflanges 192 and 194. All of the panels defining the form are reinforcedby peripheral reinforcement members preferably of angle ironconfiguration to rigidify the form sections and to provide means forconnecting the form sections by the use of bolts on the exterior surafcethereof thus leaving the interior surface smooth for defining thesurfaces of the walls, partition walls, roof and the like.

The roof is formed by a plurality of I-shaped panels 210 each of whichis partially dome-shaped and connected with the upper ends of the panels170 and partition walls 188 by reinforcing edge members in the form ofangle irons and similar connections whereby the roof forming sections210 will define radial slots defining the upper connection between thepartition walls and the roof and will define the inner surface 38 of theroof 24. The outer surface of the roof 36 is defined by a suitabletroweling or striking off operation inasmuch as it may be curvedslightly as illustrated in FIGURE 3 or it may be straight with theundersurface 38 being slightly concave.

When forming the hollow interior for the pedestal, a hollow form 212 isdisposed interiorly of the cylindrical sections 136 and supported abovethe ground surface by any suitable means. If the floor 44 is to becontinuous, the hollow form 212 will not be recovered. However, if theenclosure is to have an access opening through the floor, then the form212 may be sectional and inwardly collapsing in order for removal thoughthe opening which may be defined by an upwardly extending projection onthe form having a height extending above the floor surface or, at leastflush therewith so that the floor surface may be easily formed byleveling it with the upper edge of the form 212.

As illustrated in FIGURE 9, the window forming projections 174 on theinner wall sections may be bolted or otherwise secured thereto and arein the form of flanges 214 which are bevelled or inclined to form anopening in the peripheral wall 22 to receive the Window unit The frameof the window unit may be placed in position prior to pouring of theconcrete so that the frame will be held in position by the monolithicconcrete. This is also true of the frame for the door or doors dependingupon the particular construction involved.

The inner ends of roof sections 210 have upwardly extending arcuatesections 216 mounted thereon which serve to form the inner surface ofthe upstanding flange 40 on which the skylight 42 is mounted.

The external wall of the form which defines the external surface 30 ofthe peripheral wall 22 is constructed from a plurality of arcuatesections 218 which are engaged with the outer edge portion of the floorsections 130 and secured thereto by the bolting together of flanges. Theexternal panels or sections 218 are provided with reinforcement members220 which extend radially outwardly with the outer ends thereof beinginterconnected by vertical reinforcement members 222. The upper end ofthe sections 218 is provided with an outwardly extending and upwardlyextending member 224 defining the undersurface and outer surface of theoverhanging lip 34 and including a rib 226 to form the drip lip orgroove 36. As illustrated in FIGURE 12, the lower brace members 220 arenot only connected to vertical brace members 222 by fastener bolts 228but peripheral brace members 230 are also connected to the lower end ofthe brace members 222 by welding or the like. Also, the sections 218 ofthe outer wall have reinforcement members 232 in the form of angle ironssecured together by bolts 234.

The outer wall sections 218 are also provided with peripheral flangesthroughout the periphery thereof and intermediate reinforcing flangesand gussets where necessary to provide suflicient rigidity to retain thefluent cementitious material while it is hardening. The outer wallsections 218 also have a flange 236 either integral therewith or boltedthereto and bolted to the flange 214 to form the complete periphery forthe window flange 72. The window flange may be positioned in a mannerbetween the flange 214 and the flange 236 to enable the window frame tobe embedded into the concrete when it is being poured. Also, the framesfor the doors may be inserted from the top in a similar manner as thewindow units before the concrete is poured. Also, form plates 238 areprovided for the outer surface of the water tank 58 with suitable spacedform plates extending radially inwardly to define the inner and outersurfaces of the peripheral wall thereof.

The various component parts of the form may be numbered sequentially insuch a manner that the components of the form are assembled numericallyso that even persons of ordinary skill can properly assemble the form.Also, the components of the form all have been constructed in segmentscapable of being manually handled without requiring the use of hoists,lifting devices or the like thereby eliminating the necessity ofoperating complex machinery. All of the surfaces of the form which areengaged by the concrete will be lubricated to prevent adherence betweenthe concrete and the form and to enable release thereof. Anotherprocedure may be employed to simplify the assembly of the formcomponents and that is the coloring the various abutting surfaces of thecomponents being painted matching colors so that even if the particularsegment of the form has been located by number, the coloring on theedges thereof will assure that the segment of the concrete form will beproperly oriented when it is assembled with the other segments.

When setting up the mold, in addition to the reinforcement, water lines,electric conductors and the like being properly positioned, radiationtype heating assemblies may be placed in the floor, wall or roof toeffectively heat the interior space of the building. Also, cylindricalmembers may be placed on the floor portion of the mold to formcylindrical passages through the floor to enable installation of fansand insect screens therein. This structure enables the cool airunderlying the floor of the building to be forced upwardly into theinterior thereof for cooling.

The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles ofthe invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes willreadily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limitthe invention to the exact construction and operation shown anddescribed, and accordingly all suitable modifications and equivalentsmay be resorted to, falling Within the scope of the invention asclaimed.

What is claimed as new is as follows:

1. A mold for forming a monolithic reinforced concrete buildingconstruction of cylindrical configuration comprising a cylindricalsection having the lower end opening and resting on the ground surface,an upwardly inclined bottom plate extending from the upper edgeperiphery of said section for forming the floor of the building, meanssupporting said bottom plate, an inner sectional wall supported abovethe upper surface of said bottom plate and inwardly of the peripherythereof, an outer segmental wall supported from the outer edge of saidbottom plate in engagement therewith in concentric spaced relation tothe inner wall, a plurality of segmental roof sections attached to eachother and attached to the upper periphery of the inner wall, means tosupport the undersurface of the roof, the inner wall, roof and outerwall being of segments detachably interconnected.

2. The structure as defined in claim .1 wherein said inner wall hasinwardly extending flanges around the periphery thereof, bolt meanssecuring the flanges together and spacers spacing the flanges apart toenable inward collapse of the mold sections after the concrete hashardened.

3. The structure as defined in claim .1 wherein the inner wall isprovided 'with a plurality of inwardly extending partition formingsections attached to spaced edges of certain of the sections of theinner wall.

4. The structure as defined in claim 3 wherein the inner wall andpartition walls have a separate lower por- 5'. The mold as defined inclaim 4 wherein said means supporting said bottom plate includes a pairof radially extending wedge assemblies having elongated inclinedsurfaces engaging each other to enable removal of the bottom plate afterthe concrete has hardened by moving one of the wedges outwardly inrelation to the other.

6. The mold as defined in claim 5 wherein said bottom plate supportingmeans includes certain arrangements having a pivotal supporting leg anda foot at the lower end thereof, said foot being pivotally attached tothe leg whereby the leg may be swung inwardly to enable release of thebottom plate.

12 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3/ 1917 Edison -249--27 5/1948 Stepanian 251 4/ 195 5 Strandberg 249-27 X 6/ 1966 Williams 249-27US. Cl. X.R.

